vocabulario

Unit 5

Ummayad :was a muslim family that governed in al andalus



Caliphate of Damascus: was a caliphate in al andalus before the caliphate of cordoba
Caliphate of Cordoba:was a caliphate and in this governed abd al rahman 1 and 3.


it was very powerful
Al-Andalus:was the territory of the muslims
Jews: played a significant role in the economy. There were important their comunieties in toledo and other countries.Jewis districs were usually in a separate part of the city
Emirate:was a one governor what called emir.
Emir :was the person what gocerned the contry
Walis was the gorvernor controlled the provinces.
Visir :was the minister.
Hayib :was the prime minister.
Raids almanzur get money and prisioners, he carried out more the fifty raids.
Taifas :were small kingdoms
Parias :were taxes what the muslims paid it to avoid the muslims attack
Almoravids:were berbers wath went to iberia to help the muslims
Almohads :were berbers what help the muslims in the iberian peninsula.
Battle of Navas de Tolosa :where the battle what the muslims were defeat for the cristians in 1212
Nasrid Kingdom:were a weak muslim kingdom what were defeat for the catholic monarchs in 1492.
Dinar:were a coin wath were used the people were of gold


dirhen:were a silver coin.


Arabs:had th best land, and were in charge of goverment


berbers:were more numerous , but had fewer privileges, they sometimes rebelled


muladies:were former christians who adopted the religion, language and customs of islam.Some did this to avoid paying taxes.


mozarabs were christians who continued to practise their religion .As they were not muslims they paid taxes. After the 9 century, many emigrated to the northen kingdoms , to escape persecution
Medina:were a old city.
Aljama:were the main mosque.
Mosque:were a important building

Arrabales :it was workers or districs the craft workshops
Alcázar:the centre of political life was it.
Souk:it was the centre if the social and economic life.
Alhóndigas :it was warehouses
Averroes :was a muslim intellectual
Maimonides :was a jews intellectual
Horseshoe arches :was a tipe of arches.
Plasterwork :with it decorate the arches.













Unit 6

Reconquest :was the revenge of the christian kingdom
Kingdom of Asturias :in it the cristians formed a resistance
Kingdom of León:originated in the ranges of cantabria
Aragonese counties originated in the pirinees.
Catalan counties :originated in the pirinees
Pelayo :was the king what defeated the muslims in lthe battle of covadonga.
Battle of Covadonga :In this war the cristians defeat the muslims.
Alfonso III the greatest expasioncoincided with his reing

Fernán González:he divided castile in count
Spanish March :pyrinean region formed it
Carolingian Empire it was with the spanish march in the pyrinean region.
Sancho III the Great: was the king the navarre and was the powerful cristian king.
Wilfred the Hairy :was the king of the catalan counties.
Beatus :was a manuscriptwith beautiful paintings
Mozarabic art :emerged in the cristian kingdoms in the 10 century.
Mudejar art :emerged in the 12 century in sahagun.
Asturian art :developed in the cristian kingdoms in the 10 century.
Repopulation was when the peasants colonised the land and formaed small villages.
Fueros :it was the privileges of the kings give the towns
Military orders :the feudla estates gave it
Mudejars were muslims who remained in cristian territory
Alfonso VI he conquered toledo and the tajo river.
Ferdinand III :united the catile and leon and founded the crown of castile.
Cortes :were united for the politic people
Honourable Council of the Mesta :was a council of breed.
Alfonso I the Battler :was the first king of aragon
James I the Conqueror was the son of alfonso
Generalitat :in catalonia and valencia and the justicia.