vovcabulario

Three year rotation: This was estabilised. This left only one third of the land fallow every day.

Mouldboard plough: Ploughed the soil more efficiently.

Hanseatic league: It was a merchants assotation that dominated the atlantic and baltic route.

Trade fairs : In it the merchants met.

Bills of exchange: Made it unnecesary to carry money.

Ghettoe: the jews lived in it.

Moorish: the islamic people lived in it.

City Council: it was directed by a manor.

Guilds: all artisans in the same profession joined a guild.

Master Craftsmen: they had their own workshops, the tools and the raw materials.

the work pass to fathe to son.

Journeymen: were very skilled craftsmen who recieved wages.

Apprentices:were young men who wanted to learn a trade. They lived in their master´s house
and worked for him for several years. They did not receive any payment.


Roman Law: gace much more power to the kings than the traditional law.


Parliaments:they were very diferents than the parlaments of today, the only people who were
represented were the king, the nobles , the clergy and the city mayors.


UNIT 4

Christianity:Was the main religion in europe

Christendom:were cristian territories.

Pilgrimage:the people pilgrimage to a holy place.

Crusades:the church organised large armies to fight for religious causes.

Tithe:the peasants pay a tithe it was a tenth of their harvest.

Barrel vault:was a architect element in the romanesque architecture.

Apse:the long arm of the cross was made up of one or more naves finishing in a apse.

Buttress:we can see otside the romanesque church

Ambulatory:that pilgrims could walk around the main altar and view the relics there.

Transept:the shorter arm in the Latin cross.

Lent:

Altarpieces:they were used for panel painting.

Miniatures:were small paintings which ilustrated bibles and manuscrips.

Mural Painting:was commom on walls, especially in the main apse near the altar.

Panel Painting:was used on altars and small altarpieces.

Convents:new religious orders were started by friars, who lived in convents in the cities.

University:developed from cathedral schools.both teachers and students wanted to escape from
the control of the church.

Gargoyles:were sculped on the outside of cathedrals.

Stained glass:the mural painting was replaced by large stained glass.was in gothic church.

Pointed arches:were used in the gothic architecture.

Rib vault: were used in the gothic architecture.it weight not rest on the walls.

Flying buttress:was in the outside of the cathedral.

Rose windows:had bright colours.

Latin cross:shape continued to be used, but the east ends were polygonal, not semicircular, and
the central nave was much higher and wider than the side aisles.

Side aisles: the central nave was much higher and wider than the side aisles.

Capitel:were decorated with animals, plant etc...

Pinnacle:it was in the tower of the gothic church.